Annotated bibliography for Northern Ireland

Table of Contents

I.     General/Historical Information

II.    Marches

III.   Roles/Perspectives

  RUC:

  ORANGE ORDER:

  NATIONALIST RESIDENT:

  CATHOLIC CHURCH REPRESENTATIVE:

  CHURCH OF IRELAND REPRESENTATIVE:

  EUROPEAN UNION MEDIATOR:

IV.   Issues -- Human Rights

I. General/Historical

    A. Books
 

Healy, Sarah. A Compact History of Ireland, Dublin, Ireland: Mercier Press, 1999.
A history of the island from its earliest invaders and settlers to modern times - in less than 100 pages. The book, which focuses more on how things came to be in Ireland rather than how things are now, looks at the island's history by subject, not strictly chronologically. The book would be best used to give students an idea of the complicated history of Ireland and its relationship with Britain. The book's biases toward Ireland show through. For example, the city in Northern Ireland is referred to as Derry while its British name, Londonderry, is not explained. (94 pages)

* For all students in role play: See pgs. 7-11 for "A Chronology of Irish History" from 30000 B.C. to 1998 as well as the photo section between pages 32 and 33 that shows seven black-and-white photographs of important people and events in Ireland's history.
 

Holland, Jack. Hope Against History: The Course of Conflict in Northern Ireland, Henry Holt and Co., New York, 1999.  
Newly published book on the Troubles is written in an easy-to-read style that will not overwhelm readers with statistics and theories, making it a good source for students to grasp an understanding of the conflict. Starting with telling the story of the conflict's first death - an elderly Protestant widow murdered by two drunks - the book puts a human face to the Troubles, from 1966 to the present. Each section of each chapter is nicely organized, dealing with four to five years of the conflict. Includes references to the Orange Order and parades. (231 pages).

* See pgs. 4, 20-22 for background details on Orange Order parades; pgs. 32-33 for the impact of the parades on the Troubles; and pgs. 222-223 for details of the Drumcree crisis in 1998.
 

McGarry, John and O'Leary, Brendan. Time for Peace: Explaining Northern Ireland, Blackwell Publishers Ltd., Oxford and Cambridge, Mass., 1995.  
A more scholarly approach to the Northern Ireland conflict, and, thus, may be difficult for some students to understand. Nonetheless, this is a good source to gain an understanding of the Troubles. The book focuses on theories behind the conflict, such as nationalism and identity as well as cultural influences. It offers this viewpoint: that in Northern Ireland, Protestants and Catholics are divided not just by religion, but, more importantly, by differences in economic and political power, history, and national identity. (407 pages).

* For pro-unionist and Orange Order viewpoints, see pgs.182-185 and 205-207 for the theory that Catholicism is a major cause of the conflict; for pro-Catholic viewpoint, see pgs.178-181 for theory that Protestantism is a major cause of the conflict; see page 235 for authors' theory on why Orange Order parades pass through Catholic districts.
 

McMaster, Johnston. Living Through the Troubles 1968-1993, Belfast, Northern Ireland: Youth Link: NI Booklet Number 7, 1994.  
Concise, easy-to-understand account describing what politicians and governments did during 25 years of the Troubles. Highlights the civil rights movement of the 1960s, the end of the Stormont government, the signing of the Anglo-Irish Agreement, and the Downing Declaration of 1993. Written for students by a cross-community, inter-church youth service. While it aims to be unbiased, the book admits that "inevitably, value judgments are made and there is interpretation of events." (23 pages)

* See page 4 for significance of Catholic civil rights marches in 1968.

B. CD/ROMS, Web Sites A State Apart: Northern Ireland (an interactive chronicle of the conflict). British Broadcasting Company Northern Ireland. CD-ROM, Belfast, Northern Ireland, 1999.  
Best all-around source for up-to-date details as well as historical perspectives on the Northern Ireland conflict. Uses videos, photographs, audio reports, and newspaper articles to teach the CD-ROM user about the conflict. Keyword screens allow access to political ideologies and concepts in Northern Ireland. Includes timeline of key events in Northern Ireland from 1967 to the present.


Conflict Archive on the Internet, or CAIN Web site, set up by University of Ulster, Queens University of Belfast and Linen Hall Library, Belfast, at http://cain.ulst.ac.uk/

 
Commended Web site that provides information on the Troubles in Northern Ireland from 1968 in three main sections: Background to the conflict, key events, and key issues. Site includes bibliography of more than 3,500 references and Malcolm Sutton's Index of Deaths, a database of deaths from July 1969 to December 1998.


Irish Internet Hub. http://larkspirit.com/general/irishhub.html

 
This site has links to just about everything, from Political Parties and Organizations to Government bodies to cultural groups. C. Music Moore, Christy. "North and South of the River," recorded on Graffiti  Tongue: Ballyvourney, County Cork, Ireland, and Dublin, Ireland: Newberry Recordings Ltd., 1996.  
Sung with Bono and The Edge of U2. Sample lyric: "There is no feeling so alone as when the one you're hurting is your own, North and South of the river." Christy Moore is legendary in Ireland and this teaming with part of U2 is effective at describing the pain of a deeply divided society. (3:39)


Moore, Christy. "On the Mainland," recorded on Graffiti Tongue: Ballyvourney, County Cork, Ireland, and Dublin, Ireland: Newberry Recordings Ltd., 1996.

 
Excellent song about the struggle with identity in Northern Ireland, a main factor in the Northern Ireland conflict, to be used in tandem with poems by Seamus Heaney. Song details BBC's announcement of Heaney's 1995 Nobel Prize for Literature: "A British poet from Londonderry." Elsewhere, Heaney is regarded as an Irish poet from Derry. (2:30) D. Poetry
 
Heaney, Seamus. Selected Poems: 1966-1987, New York, NY: Noonday Press, 1991.
Poems about Northern Ireland violence include "Funeral Rites" (pages 65-68); "Triptych": three poems consisting of "After a Killing," "Sibyl," and "At the Water's Edge," (pages 108-110); and "The Toome Road" (page 111). While explanations of the poems from teachers would make them more meaningful to students studying the Northern Ireland conflict, these works by the Nobel Prize winner expose students to yet another side of the conflict - the cultural influences.


Hewitt, John. The Selected John Hewitt, Blackstaff Press Limited, Belfast, Northern Ireland, 1981.

 
Selected poems written by the Belfast-born poet who was raised as a Methodist. Section titled "A Divided Ulster" (pages 31-49) offers 11 poems about Northern Ireland  -- "Two specters haunt me," "After the Fire," and "The green shoot" examine the violence and the nature of living in a divided city. E. Literature
 
Holliday, Laurel. Children of "The Troubles," New York: Pocket Books, 1997.
A collection of personal stories, poems, and diaries written by children in Northern Ireland. Includes both Catholic and Protestant points of view, and shows the depth of the conflict in every day life throughout Northern Ireland.


Parker, Stewart. Pentecost, first performed in Guildhall, Derry, Northern Ireland.

 
Set in Belfast in 1974, Pentecost? is a poignant play that speaks volumes about the divided city. The two-act play takes place entirely inside a house in which an elderly Protestant woman, Lily Matthews, lived for years and has just died that morning. The Catholic owners are now reclaiming the house, despite the sectarian violence that engulfs the area. During the play, Lily's ghost appears intermittently to Marian, the Catholic woman who plans to buy the house. The play ultimately points out the similarities between Protestants and Catholics through Lily and Marian. They've experienced similar pain, which is all part of the human condition. And, as Marian suggests, it is only through personal grace that there will be any future for anybody in the Troubles. (Pages 145-208)      F. Newspaper articles II. Marches

     A. Books

Community Development Centre. Drawing Back From the Edge: Community Based Response to Violence in North Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland: CDC, 1999.  
A 57-page book that describes how Catholic and Protestant community activists responded to the 1996 parade violence in North Belfast by participating in cross-community networks that aimed to reduce parade tension by keeping lines of communication open through the use of mobile phones. Gives reader a look at the parade conflict from the perspective of people actually living amid the violence rather than traditional governmental or political perspectives. Includes 13 black-and-white photographs of scenes in area neighborhoods. (57 pages)

* See especially reference to Drumcree on page 8, "CDC and Conflict Resolution" (pages 11-14), "The 1998 Marching Season in North Belfast" (pages 24-26), and "Community Activism" (pages 29-31).
 

Jarman, Neil and Bryan, Dominic. Parade and Protest: A Discussion of Parading Disputes in Northern Ireland,Coleraine, Northern Ireland: Centre for the Study of Conflict, University of Ulster, 1996.  
Comprehensive look at all parades -- both loyalist and nationalist -- that were held in Northern Ireland in 1995. Gives students a good overview of the parade dispute and explanations for which parades are organized by which organizations, and how all those organizations vary, as well as just how many parades are held each year in Northern Ireland. (158 pages)

* See especially Section 7: The Orange Marches, 7.2: Siege of Drumcree (pages 61-63); Section 11: Attitudes and Perceptions to Parades (pages 94-113); Section 12: Resolutions? (pages 114-136). Also, description and background of Portadown (pages 142-143).
 

Jarman, Neil; Bryan, Dominic; Caleyron, Nathalie; and de Rosa, Ciro. Politics in Public: Freedom of Assembly and the Right to Protest (A Comparative Analysis), Democratic Dialogue, 1998.  
Report discusses how freedom of assembly and the right to demonstrate -- one of the key issues in Northern Ireland -- are handled in various countries, including the Republic of Ireland, England, the United States, and South Africa. (About 150 pages).

* See especially Part 1: Northern Ireland (pages 11-30) and The Republic of Ireland (pages 55-60).
 

Public Processions and Parades, Parades Commission, Belfast, July 1999.  
Three documents published by the Parades Commission on "Guidelines" (8 pages); "A Code of Conduct" (11 pages); and "Procedural Rules" (6 pages) regarding parades in Northern Ireland after the Public Processions Act took effect in 1998. (See also Marches, CD/ROMS, Web Sites, Videos). B. CD/ROMS, Web Sites, Videos Community Relations Council. Policing the Police.  
Graphic video on Royal Ulster Constabularyâs handling of Northern Ireland parade disputes, 1998. Video uses interviews with Catholic residents who describe attacks by the RUC, shows actual scenes from parades and the difficulties for Catholics on the parade routes. One interview, with an attorney who represented Nationalist residents, is particularly powerful given that attorney was murdered shortly after the video was made.


Drumcree Victory: July 1995, Recorded by New Way Video, 59 Church Street, Portadown, Northern Ireland.

 
Video of the 1995 Siege of Drumcree, the first of the standoffs between the RUC, Orange Order and Catholic residents. This one ended peacefully with mediation but not without considerable tension and negotiation. Edited from the perspective of the Orange Order.


Independent Review on Parades and Marches in Northern Ireland. Conflict Archive on the Internet at http://cain.ulster.ac.uk/issues/parade/north.htm

 
Draft report was announced on Jan. 29, 1997, and became the Public Processions (Northern Ireland) Act on Feb. 16, 1998.


Public Processions (Northern Ireland) Act 1998 at http://www.northernireland-legislation.hmso.gov.uk/acts/acts1998/1998002.htm

 
Text of the document that is government's response to handling parade dispute.


Public Processions and Parades: Guidelines, Parades Commission, Belfast, 1998, at http://cain.ulst.ac.uk/issues/parade/guide.htm

 
One of three documents published by the Parades Commission after the Public Processions Act took effect in March 1998. Guide explains how the act deals with contentious parades in Northern Ireland. See especially Factor 3: "Disruption to the life of the Community," Factor 5: "Compliance with the Code of Conduct," and Factor 6: "The Desirability of allowing a Parade which has been customarily held on that Route to continue to be allowed to do so." (See also Marches, Books.) C. Music

    D. Poetry

The Siege of Drumcree: contained in Appendix 2, The Order on Parade, Grand Lodge of Ireland Education Committee, 1995, p. 38  
Poem proclaims the Orange Order's victory at Drumcree 1995. "No more calls for compromise/Or trying to appease/The Protestants of Ulster/Have got up off their knees." E. Literature
 

III. Roles/Perspectives

RUC:

     A. Books/Articles

Ryder, Chris. RUC 1922-1997, A Force Under Fire, excerpt on http://www.irishnews.com/k_archive/230697/features1.html  
Author maintains in excerpt, "Why Annesley was forced into a major climbdown," that the RUC's submission to mob rule at Drumcree could have been avoided. However, excerpt gives an idea of the fear and violence with which the RUC must contend.


The Agreement and a new beginning to policing in Northern Ireland: Conference report including Human Rights Benchmarks for policing change, Committee on the Administration of Justice, Shanway Press, Belfast, 1999.

 
CAJ's report on policing conference held Feb. 26-27, 1999, in Belfast. CAJ is a non-governmental organization that monitors civil liberties issues. Book will assist students seeking to learn more about issues facing the RUC written from a conciliatory point of view. See especially "Concluding remarks and summing up" by Mary Holland, journalist (pages 67-69), remarks by Bea Campbell, journalist (pages 71-77); Workshop C (pages 91-92); Workshop D (pages 92-94); and Workshop E (pages 94-96). (139 pages)     B. CD/ROMS, Web sites, Videos Community Relations Council. Policing the Police  
Graphic video on RUC's handling of parade disputes. 1998. (See also Marches, CD/ROMS, Web Sites, Videos).


3 Northern Ireland police officers hurt in sporadic rioting, The News-Times Interactive edition, May 20, 1999, at http://www.newstimes.com/archive99/may2099/ing.htm

 
Account of violence by protesters at Portadown.


Royal Ulster Constabulary's Web site at <http://www.ruc.police.uk/>

 
Site looks at various facets of the RUC, including policies, community services, training, and recruitment. There is also a Kids' Site and a virtual tour set up by the RUC.


To Serve Without Favor: Policing, Human Rights, and Accountability in Northern Ireland, Human Rights Watch/Helsinki, 1997 at http://www.hrw.org/hrw/reports/1997/uk1/index.html

 
HRW, a US-based, international, nongovernmental human rights organization, examines allegations of abuse by the RUC. One of its urgent policing concerns is the continuing allegations of police abuse and negligence. Also offers an analysis of the Human Rights Provisions of the 1998 Northern Ireland Peace Agreement


MacGinty, Roger. Policing and the Northern Ireland Peace Process, March 1997.  http://cain.ulst.ac.uk/events/peace/rucpp.htm

 
Opinion piece on policing written by research development officer for Initiative on Conflict Resolution and Ethnicity, or INCORE, in Northern Ireland. See especially sections on "Background to Policing in Northern Ireland" and "Parades" (with references to Drumcree, mediation, and residentsâ groups.) C. Music

    D. Poetry

    E. Literature
 

Orange Order:

    A. Books

Montgomery, Graham G.W. and Whitten, J. Richard. The Order on Parade. Belfast, Northern Ireland: Grand Orange Lodge of Ireland Education Committee, 1995.  
A 40-page booklet written from the Orange Order's point of view that explains why parades are held, answers criticism of the parades, and reflects on the future of Orange Order marches. Written in concise, easy-to-read format. Six-page section titled "The Lessons of Drumcree" details the tensions of the 1995 march. Appendix Two reprints "The Siege of Drumcree," a poem written about the 1995 parade, and Appendix Three reprints text of "The Drumcree Resolution," which was passed by the Orange Order in 1995.     B. CD/ROMS, Web sites, Videos Drumcree Victory: July 1995, Recorded by New Way Video, 59 Church Street, Portadown, Northern Ireland. (See also Marches, CD-ROMS, Web Sites, Videos)   Orange Watch 99 at http://www.iowc.org/1999/writings/oo-interview.html  
Interview conducted by Susan Fargel with an Orange Order supporter, Gareth Wilson, about his feelings toward upcoming Drumcree march. According to the International Orange Watch Committee, the IOWC is a group of independent activists from various ideologies who spotlight the annual marching season in the north of Ireland. (Site is pro-nationalist in sentiment.)


Orange Watch 99 at http://www.iowc.org/1999/violence/drumcree.html

 
Details of events at the Siege of Drumcree from July 2, 1998, to July 4, 1999.
According to the International Orange Watch Committee, the IOWC is a group of independent activists from various ideologies who spotlight the annual marching season in the north of Ireland. (Site is pro-nationalist in sentiment.)


Orange Order Web site at www.Orangenet.org/civilrights/mckenna.htm

 
The site offers a "profile of Brendan McKenna, leader of the Segregationist Garvaghy Road Residents Coalition," from the Orange Orderâs point of view. Also, click on 10 Facts About Drumcree, The Drumcree Orange Parade, and What the Orange Says About Violence.


McGarry, Patsy. Church of Ireland has "let Drumcree parishioners down badly": The Irish Times, July 7, 1999. http://www.ireland.com/newspaper/ireland/1999/0707/north4.htm

 
In article, Orange Order representative is critical of the churchâs response to the Drumcree conflict. Coulter, Tom. New image for Orange Order: BBC News, July 6, 1999. http://news.bbc.co.uk/hi/english/uk/newsid_387000/387637.stm  
BBC correspondent praises Orange Orderâs response to directive from Parades Commission. Mann, Simon. Northern Ireland peace deal shaky, Europe correspondent for London, June 29, 1999 at http://www.theage.com.au/daily/990630/news/news23.html  
Loyalist paramilitaries are on standby after Parades Commission announced that it banned the Orange Orderâs parade along the Garvaghy Road for the second consecutive year..      C. Music

     D. Poetry

The Siege of Drumcree: contained in Appendix 2, The Order on Parade, Grand Lodge of Ireland Education Committee, 1995, p. 38  
Poem proclaims the Orange Orderâs victory at Drumcree 1995. "No more calls for compromise/Or trying to appease/The Protestants of Ulster/Have got up off their knees."      E. Literature
 

Nationalist resident:

    A. Books

Adams, Gerry. Falls Memories: A Belfast Life, Roberts Rinehart Publishers, Niwot, Colo., 1994.  
Autobiography of the Sinn Fein president, who has lived most of his life on the Falls Road in Belfast. Good for the nationalist perspective. (135 pages). B. CD/ROMS, Videos, Web sites Challenging Complacency: "Marching and Sectarianism: A Nationalist Perspective." Garvaghy Road Residents Coalition, Nov. 11, 1999. At http://members.aol.com/garvaghy/conferences.htm  
Click on Latest Update: "The Orange campaign of terror and intimidation against Portadown's Catholic and Nationalist minority continues in contravention of the Good Friday Agreement." Also click on Fact Sheet on "The Marching Season in the North of Ireland" (also referred to as 'Six Northeastern Counties of Ireland' - never Northern Ireland.)


Garvaghy Road Residents Coalition Home Page at http://members.aol.com/garvaghy/index.htm

 
Web site offers, in particular: "Monthly Updates of Incidents in Portadown" (called "the Orange campaign of terror and intimidation against Portadownâs Catholic and Nationalist minority"), "Events Drumcree 98 as they happened," Fact Sheet: "The Marching Season in the North of Ireland," Photos: "Orange Parades on the Garvaghy Road," and a Map of Portadown. (Notice that Northern Ireland is referred to as the "north of Ireland" or "Six Northeastern Counties of Ireland" - never Northern Ireland.)


Web site on Northern Ireland parades at www.irishparades.com/grrc.html

 
Site provides a dossier from the Garvaghy Road Residents Coalition on the "Orange Campaign of Terror," which details events in Portadown since July 5, 1999.


Sinn Fein Home Page at http://sinnfein.ie/

 
Sinn Fein, the political arm of the Irish Republican Army, is described on the Web site as the "oldest political party in Ireland." The name in Irish means "We Ourselves." The Web site, which is excellent at giving students the republican perspective, explains that Sinn Fein's objective is to end British rule in Ireland. Students can learn more about Gerry Adams, Sinn Feinâs president, and Martin McGuinness, Sinn Fein negotiator, by clicking on their names. Site provides current and archive issues of An Phoblacht/Republican News, an Irish weekly newspaper, as well as up-to-date statements from Sinn Fein officials on peace talks progress.      C. Music
 
Colter, Phil. The Town I Loved so Well.  (Words to the song at http://foxleap.fortunecity.com/irishlyrics/lyrics/town-loved-well.txt)
Song by Derry native Colter describes his return to the city after the Troubles have wreaked havoc.


Moore, Christy. Minds Locked Shut on Graffiti Tongue CD, London: Newberry Recordings Ltd., 1996.

 
Third song on CD, "Minds Locked Shut" describes Bloody Sunday in Derry when 13 Catholic men were shot to death by a British Paratrooper Regiment during a civil rights march on a Sunday afternoon, "a perfect day for walking." (2:23)     D. Poetry Heaney, Seamus. Selected Poems: 1966-1987, New York, NY: Noonday Press, 1991.  
"Casualty," a poem about Bloody Sunday in Derry, Northern Ireland. (Pages 115-118)


Poetry from the Women of the Garvaghy Road at http://members.aol.com/garvaghy/poems.htm

 
Collection of poems from women who, according to the Garvaghy Road Residents' Coalition Web site, were "beaten and brutalized in 1997 when the RUC ran through their justice camp."     E. Literature Heaney, Seamus. Preoccupations: Selected Prose 1968-1978, Faber and Faber Limited, London, 1980.  
Autobiographical pieces written in prose, including "Belfast" (pages 28-37) -- especially informative and easy to read is a section titled "Christmas, 1971" (pages 30-33), which describes what it's like to live in Belfast. Sample follows: "It hasn't been named martial law , but that's what it feels like. Everywhere soldiers with cocked guns are watching you -- that's what they're here for -- on the streets, at the corners of streets, from doorways, over the puddles on demolished sites." Catholic Church representative:

     A. Books

Kassman, Margot. Overcoming Violence: A Challenge to the Churches in All Places, WCC Publications, Geneva, 1998.  
World Council of Churches book explores opportunities for churches to overcome violence in the home, on the streets, and in the media. Chapter 2, "A Look at the WCC History" (pages 9-17) examines the churchesâ response to violence throughout the world; Chapter 8, "Reflections on Complexity and Challenges" (pages 56-70) defines the principles of nonviolence (page 59) and looks at forms of conflict resolution (see reference to mediation on page 61); Chapter 9, "The Seven-City Campaign" (pages 71-79) gives an overview of the seven cities that are featured in the "Peace to the Cities! Stories of Hope" video (See CD/ROMS, Videos, Web sites under Catholic church representative): See reference to Belfast as a symbol of violence and the role of mediation in the conflict (page 76); and Chapter 10, "Perspectives for the Future" (pages 80-86) looks at handgun ban (see reference to Northern Ireland on page 81), policing questions (page 82), and mediation (pages 83-84). See reference to Northern Ireland and belief that people can change (page 85). (86 pages).


Plou, Dafne. Peace in Troubled Cities: Creative Models of Building Community Amidst Violence, WCC Publications, Geneva, 1998.

 
World Council of Churches book accompanies "Peace to the Cities! Stories of Hope" video (See CD/ROMS, Videos, Web sites under Catholic church representative): Chapter 3, "Belfast" (pages 23-41) describes reasons for conflict as battles over civil rights, religion, poverty, policing (page 23-27); cross-community efforts (pages 28-32); role of mediation (pages 27, 28, 30, 39); and the churches' commitment to peace (pages 31-41). (133 pages) B. CD/ROMS, Videos, Web sites
 
Campbell, Brian and O'Reilly, Rita. The Churchmen at Drumcree. An Phoblacht/Republican News, July 11, 1996 at  http://www.utexas.edu/students/iig/archive/aprn/96/July18/17chur.html
 
Reporters' account detailing the roles of Catholic Cardinal Cahal Daly and Church of Ireland Primate Robin Eames in trying to reach an agreement on the Drumcree parade.


Dromore parade, 1997, <http://www.incore.ulst.ac.uk/publications/reasearch/mediation/dromore>

 
Church of Ireland rector's effort to work with Catholic priest to begin some form of dialogue about upcoming parade in Dromore, Northern Ireland.


Peace to the Cities! Stories of Hope, World Council of Churches Publication.

 
Video offers several 30-minute stories of nonviolent progress in various areas of conflict throughout the world, including Northern Ireland. "We Want Peace: Belfast, N.I." shows how a Catholic house and a Methodist church opened common space for their divided communities. Church of Ireland representative:

A. Books

Kassman, Margot. Overcoming Violence: A Challenge to the Churches in All Places, WCC Publications, Geneva, 1998.  
World Council of Churches book explores opportunities for churches to overcome violence in the home, on the streets, and in the media. Chapter 2, "A Look at the WCC History" (pages 9-17) examines the churchesâ response to violence throughout the world; Chapter 8, "Reflections on Complexity and Challenges" (pages 56-70) defines the principles of nonviolence (page 59) and looks at forms of conflict resolution (see reference to mediation on page 61); Chapter 9, "The Seven-City Campaign" (pages 71-79) gives an overview of the seven cities that are featured in the "Peace to the Cities! Stories of Hope" video (See CD/ROMS, Videos, Web sites under Catholic church representative): See reference to Belfast as a symbol of violence and the role of mediation in the conflict (page 76); and Chapter 10, "Perspectives for the Future" (pages 80-86) looks at handgun ban (see reference to Northern Ireland on page 81), policing questions (page 82), and mediation (pages 83-84). See reference to Northern Ireland and belief that people can change (page 85). (86 pages).


Plou, Dafne. Peace in Troubled Cities: Creative Models of Building Community Amidst Violence, WCC Publications, Geneva, 1998.

 
World Council of Churches book accompanies "Peace to the Cities! Stories of Hope" video (See CD/ROMS, Videos, Web sites under Catholic church representative): Chapter 3, "Belfast" (pages 23-41) describes reasons for conflict as battles over civil rights, religion, poverty, policing (page 23-27); cross-community efforts (pages 28-32); role of mediation (pages 27, 28, 30, 39); and the churches/ commitment to peace (pages 31-41). (133 pages) B. CD/ROMS, Videos, Web sites Campbell, Brian and O'Reilly, Rita. The Churchmen at Drumcree. An Phoblacht/Republican News, July 11, 1996 at http://www.utexas.edu/students/iig/archive/aprn/96/July18/17chur.html  
Reporters' account detailing the roles of Catholic Cardinal Cahal Daly and Church of Ireland Primate Robin Eames in trying to reach an agreement on the Drumcree parade.


McGarry, Patsy. Rector who "stood by his parish" wins praise: Irish Times, July 5, 1999. http://www.ireland.com/newspaper/ireland/1999/0705/north11.htm

 
Orange Order representative praises Drumcree rector for standing by the Orange Order brethren. "Ecumenism is rife in our church" says the representative. "Let them see this day ecumenism is dead."


Dromore parade, 1997, <http://www.incore.ulst.ac.uk/publications/reasearch/mediation/dromore>

 
Church of Ireland rector's effort to work with Catholic priest to begin some form of dialogue about upcoming parade in Dromore, Northern Ireland.


McGarry, Patsy. Drumcree rector could not ban worshippers: Irish Times, July 5, 1999 at http://www.ireland.com/newspaper/ireland/1999/0705/north10.htm

 
Article on Drumcree rector written from Irish/nationalist bias.


Linney, Gordon. Why Drumcree issue is proving a nightmare for the Church of Ireland. Irish Independent, June 29, 1999 at:  http://www.independent.ie/1999/179/y10e.shtml

 
Drumcree analysis saying the Portadown Church of Ireland appears to condone bigotry and that some in the Orange Order have ignored the moral authority of the main Church of Ireland.


McGarry, Patsy. Church of Ireland has "let Drumcree parishioners down badly": The Irish Times, July 7, 1999. http://www.ireland.com/newspaper/ireland/1999/0707/north4.htm

 
In article, Orange Order representative is critical of the church's response to the Drumcree conflict. European Union mediator:

    A. Books

Bryan, Dominic and Jarman, Neil. Independent Intervention: Monitoring the police, parades and public order, Belfast, Northern Ireland: Regency Press, 1999.  
In a co-production between Democratic Dialogue and the Community Development Centre in North Belfast, this is the 7th in a series of reports on the parades dispute and public-order issues written by Bryan and Jarman. Chapter 1, "Introduction," offers a history of the parade disputes and civil intervention; Chapter 2, "What is a Monitor?" (pages 9-17) explains the role of third-party monitors, including mediators; Chapter 4, "Monitoring in Northern Ireland," (pages 32-34) deals with monitoring during the "Troubles"; and Chapter 6, "Monitoring public order," (pages 45-54) describes organizationsâ efforts to deal with the Northern Ireland conflict, including one section (pages 45-46) on the work of Mediation Network for Northern Ireland. (74 pages)     B. CD Roms, Videos, Web Sites Mediation Network for Northern Ireland, Belfast, Northern Ireland, at http://www.mediation-network.org.uk/  
Mediation Network "promotes the use of third party intervention in disputes and supports creative responses to the conflict in Northern Ireland." Web site provides links to other reconciliation organizations including the Corrymeela Community in Belfast and Ballycastle, Northern Ireland; ECONI (Evangelical Contribution on Northern Ireland); and the World Council of Churches. Also offers monthly articles on the Northern Ireland political situation and Mediation Network's work to bring about a peaceful solution. Good site for students to learn how mediators in Northern Ireland work on bringing about compromise in the parade disputes.


Mediation Works Inc., 9 Park St., Boston, MA, at http://www.mwi.org/..

 
Web site defines mediation and explains its five principles: voluntary, confidentiality, self-determination, neutrality, and informed consent. Good site for students taking on the mediator's role to learn what mediation is all about.


Cardiff European Council, June 15 and 16, 1998, at http:/europa.eu.int/council/off/conclu/jun98.htm.

 
European Council's statement on the Good Friday Agreement of 1998 in Northern Ireland. (Go to site, scroll down to VII. Northern Ireland). Council promotes "lasting peace and prosperity in Northern Ireland." IV. Issues - Human Rights

    A. Books

Beresford, David. Ten Men Dead, Atlantic Monthly Press, New York, 1987.  
Excellent history of the 1981 hunger strike in Ireland that uses letters written by the hunger strikers as well as Irish Republican Army documents to tell the prisonersâ stories. Written in novel form. (334 pages).


McKeown, Ciaran. The Passion of Peace, Belfast, Northern Ireland: Blackstaff Press, 1984.

 
Recounting of the development of the Peace People, a popular Northern Ireland movement led primarily by two women -- Betty Williams and Mairead Corrigan -- that responded to the violence of the Troubles with peaceful marches and went on to win the 1976 Nobel Peace Prize. Chapter 10, "A Turning Point," is a moving account of the Aug. 10, 1976, tragedy that led to the start of the nonviolent marches. (312 pages)


Sands, Bobby. One Day in My Life, Dublin, Ireland: Pluto Press, 1983.

 
An account written by the 27-year-old Irish Republican prisoner and hunger striker, the first of 10 to die in 1981 in an effort to be classified by the British government as political prisoners rather than as common criminals. The book, written in diary-like form, spares no details of the oppressive conditions at Long Kesh prison. A quick, powerful read. (118 pages)

B. CD/ROMS, Videos, Web sites

MacGinty, Roger. Policing and the Northern Ireland Peace Process, March 1997 at http://cain.ulst.ac.uk/events/peace/rucpp.htm  
Opinion piece on policing written by research development officer for Initiative on Conflict Resolution and Ethnicity, or INCORE, in Northern Ireland. See especially sections on "Background to Policing in Northern Ireland" and "Parades" (with references to Drumcree, mediation, and residents' groups.)